They find that most sociopolitical systems of the Arabs reacted to the socioecological crisis by getting rid of the rigid supratribal political structures kingdoms and chiefdoms which started posing a real threat to their very survival.
New York: Carol Publishing Group.
The Revelation of Bahá'u'lláh, Volume 1: Baghdad 1853-63.
The two nations were formed out of the former British Raj, including treaty states, when Britain granted independence to the area see Undivided India.